Kazakhstan-Sehyun

= Kazakhstan  =



Kazakhstan is located in Central Asia and northwest of China. It borders the Aral Sea and the Caspian Sea. Kazakhstan has a total area of 2,724,900 square kilometer; it is the ninth largest country in the world. Because it is a landlocked country, it relies on its neighbor countries such as China and Russia to export and import goods.

__** Population: **__ 17,522,010 (July 2012 est.) Many ethnic groups such as the Kazakhs, Russians, Ukrainians, Germans, Turks, compose Kazakhstan's population. Due to the steady increase of birth rate and Kazakhs from other countries returning to their homeland, its total population increased.

__** Population Growth Rate: **__ 1.235% Kazakhstan's population growth rate is steady. Because economy is getting better, people are starting to have less babies and that balances out with the death rate.

__** Birth Rate: **__ 20.44 births/1,000 population Although people have access to education, the birth rate of Kazakhstan is high because agriculture still continues to employ one third of the working population. Also, because the infant mortality rate is high, some have more babies. 47% of the people are Muslims,and one of their belief is that birth control is prohibited; this is one of the reason why the birth rate is high.

__** Death Rate: **__ 8.52 deaths/1,000 population The death rate of Kazakhstan is slightly higher than US's death rate. Cancer, tobacco/alcohol related diseases, tobacco/alcohol related diseases, cardiovascular diseases and other factors affect death rate. Many people also does not have access to good health care.

__** Life Expectancy: **__ total population-69.63 years male-64.34 years female-74.59 years The life expectancy of the total population is not really high because of the environmental problems. Because of past military testing programs, air and water pollution is a significant environmental concern. People also do not have access to clean water.

__** Net Migration: **__ 0.43 migrant/1,000 population The net migration is very low because many people emigrate to have a better life and living conditions. Also the working conditions are very low in Kazakhstan; people emigrate to other countries to find a better job.

__** Infant Mortality Rate: **__ 23.06 deaths/1,000 population The infant mortality rate is high because infants don't have access to good healthcare. Improving the healthcare system is one of the major challenges that Kazakhstan has. __**Doubling Time: **__ 56.68 years

It will take about 57 years for Kazakhstan's population to double. This is because it has a steady population. It will take less compared to the United States because birth rate is still high than death rate.

Kazakhstan is in between stage two and three in the Demographic Transition Model; the economy is getting better, the fertility rate is 2.41 children born per woman, and the population begins to balance out. Although it still depends more on agriculture than in industries, the birth rate is dropping. Kazakhstan is a **Less Economically Developed Country**. It has low standard of living and people have less access to health care and resources. Some major population issues that Kazakhstan face are AIDS/HIV, water scarcity, radioactive chemical exposure throughout the city, and other environmental concerns. About 13,000 people are living with AIDS. Another issue is that the two main rivers that flow into the Aral Sea are drying up, leaving chemical pesticides and natural salts.

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